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Japan-U.S. Economic Relations Group Records, 1979-1981
On May 2, 1979, President Jimmy Carter and Prime Minister Masayoshi Ohira met in Washington, D.C. and agreed to establish the Japan-U.S. Economic Relations Group—informally known as the “Wise Men.” This small group of distinguished persons drawn from private life would submit recommendations to Carter and Ohira for maintaining a healthy bilateral economic relationship between the United States and Japan. Among the issues considered were the role of economic issues in the overall “political-security-cultural relationship,” especially Japan’s emerging position as a world power; Japan’s future comprehensive economic security needs; and its involvement in foreign assistance programs. The Group actively solicited the views of the American public (Congress, business, labor, agriculture, public interest groups) to provide an additional forum for those who wished to be heard. The Group also drew upon research that was currently under way in the two countries and sponsored a modest program of separate independent research.
Published in cooperation with the Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, DE. The Association against the Prohibition Amendment (AAPA) and the Women's Organization for National Prohibition Reform (WONPR) were in the forefront of the movement to repeal Prohibition. The AAPA was founded in 1918 and by 1926 claimed a membership of 750,000. In 1928 the association began a sophisticated publicity campaign against Prohibition. It was joined by the WONPR, founded in 1929 by Pauline Morton Sabin, who rallied over one million women to the cause. After the anti-Prohibition organizations celebrated repeal in 1933, they disbanded, and their records were scattered. The papers of the AAPA published here were gleaned from the personal files of Pierre S. du Pont, his brother Irénée, and John Raskob. The WONPR papers come from the files of Alice Belin du Pont, who was active in that group. The entire collection includes the following: correspondence, minutes, financial reports, membership lists, records of lobbying activities, and publications and press releases issued by the AAPA and WONPR.
Bulgaria: Records of the U.S. Department of State Relating to Internal Affairs, 1950-1954
The documents in this collection are primarily instructions to and dispatches from U.S. diplomatic and consular staff regarding political, economic, military, social, and other internal correspondences and events in Bulgaria. Documents also include reports and memoranda prepared by the U.S. State Department staff, communications between the State Department and foreign governments, and correspondence with other departments in the U.S. government, private firms, and individuals.
Evangelism in Japan: Correspondence of the Board of Foreign Missions, 1859-1911
The American Presbyterian Church was committed at its inception to the belief that it is a missionary church and that every member is a missionary. The establishment in 1837 of the Presbyterian Church’s Board of Foreign Missions signaled the beginning of a worldwide missionary operation destined to embrace some fifteen countries in four different continents. The records offered here provide invaluable information on social conditions in Japan and on efforts to spread the gospel during the nineteenth century. Documenting the church’s educational, evangelical, and medical work, these are records mainly of incoming correspondence from the mission field and outgoing correspondence from the Board headquarters.
Civil War Service Reports of Union Army Generals
These generals' reports of service represent an attempt by the Adjutant General’s Office (AGO) to obtain more complete records of the service of the various Union generals serving in the Civil War. In 1864, the Adjutant General requested that each such general submit ". . . a succinct account of your military history . . . since March 4th, 1861." In 1872, and in later years, similar requests were made for statements of service for the remaining period of the war.
FBI File: Alger Hiss/Whittaker Chambers
No single episode did more to set off alarms of a diabolic “Red” conspiracy within the national government than the case of Alger Hiss. In the midst of the 1948 presidential campaign, the House Un-American Activities Committee conducted a hearing in which Whittaker Chambers, a senior editor at Time magazine and former Soviet agent who had broken with the communists in 1938, identified Hiss, who had worked as an aide to the assistant secretary of state, as an underground party member in the 1930s. This file traces the many figures involved in one of the era’s most famous witch hunts. Trails of evidence are followed through correspondence between alleged Communist Party members and sympathizers, as well as interviews with associates of the accused. The archive is an invaluable resource on the Second Red Scare and the internal politics of the United States during the early years of the Cold War.
U.S. Military Activities and Civil Rights: The Military Response to the March on Washington, 1963
This collection reveals details of the Federal Government's plans to militarily intervene in the 1963 March on Washington (codenamed Operation "Steep Hill") in the event the march became disorderly. Army staff communications and memos tracked the plans of the march organizers throughout the summer, and the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Military Operations prepared contingency plans for cooperation with District of Columbia police for controlling the march. The records also include intelligence reports and estimates, congressional correspondence, press articles, and maps planning the route of the march and facilities needed. These records give an insight into the personalities and events at the march on Washington. In addition, there is small quantity of records relating to the plans to intervene in Alabama in 1963 over the issue of school integration.
Mountain People: Life and Culture in Appalachia
This collection consists of the diaries, journals, and narratives of explorers, emigrants, military men, Native Americans, and travelers. In addition, there are accounts on the development of farming and mining communities, family histories, and folklore. These accounts provide a view of the vast region between Lexington, Kentucky and Winchester, Virginia, from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to Birmingham, Alabama, which spans three and a half centuries and provides information on the social, political, economic, scientific, religious, and agricultural characteristics of the region.
Conditions & Politics in Occupied Western Europe, 1940-1945
These historical documents capture the hidden history of war-torn Europe and offer researchers, teachers and students many new perspectives on politics, diplomacy and everyday life in the German-occupied countries. Here is the complete record of political life in Occupied Western Europe available to the British Government during World War II from the original intelligence reports received by the British Foreign Office following the breakdown of normal diplomatic relations during wartime from class "FO 371" at The National Archives. The collection includes detailed information indexed by year and section, from the occupied states of Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway and the Vatican, and the neutral countries—Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Some of the topics covered include the German attempts to win over important groups in occupied countries, the reaction to, and effect of, the German occupation, the propaganda struggle, the creation of the first resistance units, the repercussions of events such as the German invasion of Russia and essays on life under occupation in France, the Low Countries and Norway.
The International War on Drugs
Spanning the presidential administrations of Ronald Reagan to Barack Obama, The International War on Drugs documents the United States Government’s response to the global illicit drug trade. Studies, reports, and analyses compiled by governmental and military agencies demonstrate how the U.S. organized and waged a decades-long campaign against drugs. Documents in the collection include U.S. military analyses and recommendations for halting the illegal drug trade; strategy reports from the Department of State Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs; and reports from the Congressional Research Service. Topics covered include terrorism and drug trafficking; money laundering and financial crimes; individual country reports and actions against drugs; U.S. policy initiatives and programs; U.S. bilateral and regional counterdrug initiatives.
Dissent in Poland: The Opposition Archives
The collections are founded on the results of three nationwide competitions organized by KARTA between 1990 and 1995. KARTA began in January 1982 as an illegal publication during Poland’s period of martial law. After 1989, it evolved into a non-governmental archival repository that set itself the goal of preserving memories of events and people that were not likely to be represented in state and regional archives. The archive numbers 365 files, with nearly twenty-nine thousand pages, and is primarily composed of individual memoirs, diaries, and tape recordings; it also includes reports, publications, thematic collections, maps, and drawings. The materials focus primarily on the period from 1956 to 1989 and help illuminate several key moments in Polish opposition history. The materials are particularly valuable in examining the political and social history of the Communist era in Poland before the imposition of martial law—everyday life as well as the rise of anti-Communist protest through both underground activity and open movements such as Solidarity. The Polish opposition that culminated in Solidarity was the strongest and most effective in Eastern Europe; its history is therefore crucial to understanding the eventual retreat from Communism and the emergence of an autonomous civil society in the region.
This publication consists of documents of an administratively-sensitive nature, arranged according to subject from President Nixon’s Special Files collection, comprising the Confidential and Subject Files. These documents provide an in-depth look into the activities of the President, his closest advisors, and the administration. These records support the behind-the-scenes historical inquiry into an administration that may well be the most significant one since World War II and one of the most important in the 20th century.
19th Century English-Language Journals from the East
The six journals included in this collection cover a period of 84 years in the 19th century and together they provide a unique perspective—from the eyes of Westerners—for modern scholars to review the history of Asia, in particular China, in the 19th century. Five of these journals were founded and run in Asia, away from Europe and America; however, they had played an undisputed role in promoting the awareness and study of Asia and especially China among the Westerners. Moreover, China Review is arguably the first major sinology journal in the true sense.
Cold War: Voices of Confrontation and Conciliation
For almost fifty years, the United States and the Soviet Union were engaged in the Cold War. This global stalemate emerged after both nations had been allies against Hitler during World War II. What political events precipitated the Cold War? What scientific and technological developments fueled the arms race that characterized the Cold War? What new institutions were created by the Cold War, and how were existing institutions reshaped by it? How did the Cold War condition society and culture? How did it shape the foreign policies of the U.S. and the Soviet Union? What did--and does--"the end of the Cold War" mean for citizens in the United States and the former Soviet Union? The answers to these questions and more are available in this collection of oral histories.
Home Intelligence Reports, 1940-1944
Between 1940 and 1944, the Ministry of Information in Britain carried out regular and detailed investigations into opinions, morale and feelings of the British people on the home front. The strength of these reports -- a key primary source -- lies in the fact that they were compiled from a great diversity of independent sources, notably the 13 different regional headquarters of the ministry, as well as panels of civilians and officials. The subjects covered include reactions to the presentation of the war by politicians, the press and the British Broadcasting Corporation, and opinions about evacuation, housing, rationing and strikes. (PRO Class INF1, Boxes 264 and 292)
Comprising records of the State Department’s Central Classified Files, this collection contains records relating to the internal affairs of Indochina, during the period 1945-49. The records include instructions sent to and correspondence received by the State Department; the State Department's internal documentation, as well as correspondence between the Department and other federal departments and agencies, Congress, and private individuals and organizations; telegrams, airgrams, instructions, inquiries, studies, memoranda, situation reports, translations, special reports, plans, and official and unofficial correspondence.
This collection charts the Axis occupation during World War II and the terrible hardships experienced by the Greek civilian population.
War on Poverty Community Profiles: Midwestern States
The Community Profiles provide an in-depth analysis of poverty in America with an extensive inventory of historical data at a local level. Each profile, composed as a narrative with statistical indices, contains information showing general poverty indicators, size and composition of the poor population, and selected aspects of geography, demography, economy, and social resources. Midwestern states in this collection include Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.
Rastafari Ephemeral Publications from the Written Rastafari Archives Project
The Written Rastafari Archives Project (WRAP) involves an exclusive collection of the most well-known Rastafari ephemerals – newsletters, magazines, newspapers, booklets, statements, letters, articles and assorted literature - written and published by a number of Rastafari Mansions, organizations, groups, and individuals over the past four decades. The provocative literary materials in this WRAP Collection provide an historical time stamp and current affairs commentary on the transitional period in the Rastafari Movement’s development – a period extending from the early 1970s through to the present. It is a forty year period during which the Rastafari Movement has been spreading across the Afro-Atlantic world in one form or another and becoming progressively globalized.
Integration of Alabama Schools and the U.S. Military, 1963
The dramatic confrontation between the governor of Alabama and the president of the United States in June 1963 resulted in the federalization of the entire Alabama National Guard. The imposition of federal law allowed two black students admission into the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. This archive details Operation Oak Tree, the codename for the Army’s plans to intervene in Alabama in the event of civil disturbances related to school integration in May 1963. Operation Palm Tree extended the operation over a wider area. The documents in this collection are sourced from the Records of the Department of the Army, in the custody of the National Archives of the United States.